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Documents authored by Kattenbeck, Markus

Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2022.2
I Can Tell by Your Eyes! Continuous Gaze-Based Turn-Activity Prediction Reveals Spatial Familiarity

Authors: Negar Alinaghi, Markus Kattenbeck, and Ioannis Giannopoulos

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 240, 15th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2022)

Abstract
Spatial familiarity plays an essential role in the wayfinding decision-making process. Recent findings in wayfinding activity recognition domain suggest that wayfinders' turning behavior at junctions is strongly influenced by their spatial familiarity. By continuously monitoring wayfinders' turning behavior as reflected in their eye movements during the decision-making period (i.e., immediately after an instruction is received until reaching the corresponding junction for which the instruction was given), we provide evidence that familiar and unfamiliar wayfinders can be distinguished. By applying a pre-trained XGBoost turning activity classifier on gaze data collected in a real-world wayfinding task with 33 participants, our results suggest that familiar and unfamiliar wayfinders show different onset and intensity of turning behavior. These variations are not only present between the two classes -familiar vs. unfamiliar- but also within each class. The differences in turning-behavior within each class may stem from multiple sources, including different levels of familiarity with the environment.
Cite as

Negar Alinaghi, Markus Kattenbeck, and Ioannis Giannopoulos. I Can Tell by Your Eyes! Continuous Gaze-Based Turn-Activity Prediction Reveals Spatial Familiarity. In 15th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 240, pp. 2:1-2:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)

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@InProceedings{alinaghi_et_al:LIPIcs.COSIT.2022.2,
  author =	{Alinaghi, Negar and Kattenbeck, Markus and Giannopoulos, Ioannis},
  title =	{{I Can Tell by Your Eyes! Continuous Gaze-Based Turn-Activity Prediction Reveals Spatial Familiarity}},
  booktitle =	{15th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2022)},
  pages =	{2:1--2:13},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-257-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{240},
  editor =	{Ishikawa, Toru and Fabrikant, Sara Irina and Winter, Stephan},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2022.2},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-168872},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2022.2},
  annote =	{Keywords: Spatial Familiarity, Gaze-based Activity Recognition, Wayfinding, Machine Learning}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2022.6
Rethinking Route Choices! On the Importance of Route Selection in Wayfinding Experiments

Authors: Bartosz Mazurkiewicz, Markus Kattenbeck, and Ioannis Giannopoulos

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 240, 15th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2022)

Abstract
Route selection for a wayfinding experiment is not a trivial task and is often made in an undocumented way. Only recently (2021), a systematic, reproducible and score-based approach for route selection for wayfinding experiments was published. However, it is still unclear how robust study results are across all potential routes in a particular experimental area. An important share of routes might lead to different conclusions than most routes. This share would distort and/or invert the study outcome. If so, the question of selecting routes that are unlikely to distort the results of our wayfinding experiments remains unanswered. In order to answer these questions, an agent-based simulation study with four different sample sizes (N = 15, 25, 50, 3000 agents) comparing Turn-by-Turn and Free Choice Navigation approaches (between-subject design) regarding their arrival rates on more than 11000 routes in the city center of Vienna, Austria, was run. The results of our study indicate that with decreasing sample size, there is an increase in the share of routes which lead to contradictory results regarding the arrival rate, i.e., the results become less robust. Therefore, based on simulation results, we present an approach for selecting suitable routes even for small-scale in-situ studies.
Cite as

Bartosz Mazurkiewicz, Markus Kattenbeck, and Ioannis Giannopoulos. Rethinking Route Choices! On the Importance of Route Selection in Wayfinding Experiments. In 15th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2022). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 240, pp. 6:1-6:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2022)

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@InProceedings{mazurkiewicz_et_al:LIPIcs.COSIT.2022.6,
  author =	{Mazurkiewicz, Bartosz and Kattenbeck, Markus and Giannopoulos, Ioannis},
  title =	{{Rethinking Route Choices! On the Importance of Route Selection in Wayfinding Experiments}},
  booktitle =	{15th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2022)},
  pages =	{6:1--6:13},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-257-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2022},
  volume =	{240},
  editor =	{Ishikawa, Toru and Fabrikant, Sara Irina and Winter, Stephan},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2022.6},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-168916},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2022.6},
  annote =	{Keywords: Route Selection, Route Features, Human Wayfinding, Navigation, Experiments, Experimental Design}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.GIScience.2021.II.5
Will You Take This Turn? Gaze-Based Turning Activity Recognition During Navigation

Authors: Negar Alinaghi, Markus Kattenbeck, Antonia Golab, and Ioannis Giannopoulos

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 208, 11th International Conference on Geographic Information Science (GIScience 2021) - Part II

Abstract
Decision making is an integral part of wayfinding and people progressively use navigation systems to facilitate this task. The primary decision, which is also the main source of navigation error, is about the turning activity, i.e., to decide either to turn left or right or continue straight forward. The fundamental step to deal with this error, before applying any preventive approaches, e.g., providing more information, or any compensatory solutions, e.g., pre-calculating alternative routes, could be to predict and recognize the potential turning activity. This paper aims to address this step by predicting the turning decision of pedestrian wayfinders, before the actual action takes place, using primarily gaze-based features. Applying Machine Learning methods, the results of the presented experiment demonstrate an overall accuracy of 91% within three seconds before arriving at a decision point. Beyond the application perspective, our findings also shed light on the cognitive processes of decision making as reflected by the wayfinder’s gaze behaviour: incorporating environmental and user-related factors to the model, results in a noticeable change with respect to the importance of visual search features in turn activity recognition.
Cite as

Negar Alinaghi, Markus Kattenbeck, Antonia Golab, and Ioannis Giannopoulos. Will You Take This Turn? Gaze-Based Turning Activity Recognition During Navigation. In 11th International Conference on Geographic Information Science (GIScience 2021) - Part II. Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 208, pp. 5:1-5:16, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021)

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@InProceedings{alinaghi_et_al:LIPIcs.GIScience.2021.II.5,
  author =	{Alinaghi, Negar and Kattenbeck, Markus and Golab, Antonia and Giannopoulos, Ioannis},
  title =	{{Will You Take This Turn? Gaze-Based Turning Activity Recognition During Navigation}},
  booktitle =	{11th International Conference on Geographic Information Science (GIScience 2021) - Part II},
  pages =	{5:1--5:16},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-208-2},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2021},
  volume =	{208},
  editor =	{Janowicz, Krzysztof and Verstegen, Judith A.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.GIScience.2021.II.5},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-147649},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.GIScience.2021.II.5},
  annote =	{Keywords: Activity Recognition, Wayfinding, Eye Tracking, Machine Learning}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.GIScience.2021.II.9
Navigating Your Way! Increasing the Freedom of Choice During Wayfinding

Authors: Bartosz Mazurkiewicz, Markus Kattenbeck, and Ioannis Giannopoulos

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 208, 11th International Conference on Geographic Information Science (GIScience 2021) - Part II

Abstract
Using navigation assistance systems has become widespread and scholars have tried to mitigate potentially adverse effects on spatial cognition these systems may have due to the division of attention they require. In order to nudge the user to engage more with the environment, we propose a novel navigation paradigm called Free Choice Navigation balancing the number of free choices, route length and number of instructions given. We test the viability of this approach by means of an agent-based simulation for three different cities. Environmental spatial abilities and spatial confidence are the two most important modeled features of our agents. Our results are very promising: Agents could decide freely at more than 50% of all junctions. More than 90% of the agents reached their destination within an average distance of about 125% shortest path length.
Cite as

Bartosz Mazurkiewicz, Markus Kattenbeck, and Ioannis Giannopoulos. Navigating Your Way! Increasing the Freedom of Choice During Wayfinding. In 11th International Conference on Geographic Information Science (GIScience 2021) - Part II. Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 208, pp. 9:1-9:16, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021)

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@InProceedings{mazurkiewicz_et_al:LIPIcs.GIScience.2021.II.9,
  author =	{Mazurkiewicz, Bartosz and Kattenbeck, Markus and Giannopoulos, Ioannis},
  title =	{{Navigating Your Way! Increasing the Freedom of Choice During Wayfinding}},
  booktitle =	{11th International Conference on Geographic Information Science (GIScience 2021) - Part II},
  pages =	{9:1--9:16},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-208-2},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2021},
  volume =	{208},
  editor =	{Janowicz, Krzysztof and Verstegen, Judith A.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.GIScience.2021.II.9},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-147680},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.GIScience.2021.II.9},
  annote =	{Keywords: Agent-based Simulation, Wayfinding, Free Choice Navigation}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.GIScience.2021.I.8
Not Arbitrary, Systematic! Average-Based Route Selection for Navigation Experiments

Authors: Bartosz Mazurkiewicz, Markus Kattenbeck, Peter Kiefer, and Ioannis Giannopoulos

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 177, 11th International Conference on Geographic Information Science (GIScience 2021) - Part I (2020)

Abstract
While studies on human wayfinding have seen increasing interest, the criteria for the choice of the routes used in these studies have usually not received particular attention. This paper presents a methodological framework which aims at filling this gap. Based on a thorough literature review on route choice criteria, we present an approach that supports wayfinding researchers in finding a route whose characteristics are as similar as possible to the population of all considered routes with a predefined length in a particular area. We provide evidence for the viability of our approach by means of both, synthetic and real-world data. The proposed method allows wayfinding researchers to justify their route choice decisions, and it enhances replicability of studies on human wayfinding. Furthermore, it allows to find similar routes in different geographical areas.
Cite as

Bartosz Mazurkiewicz, Markus Kattenbeck, Peter Kiefer, and Ioannis Giannopoulos. Not Arbitrary, Systematic! Average-Based Route Selection for Navigation Experiments. In 11th International Conference on Geographic Information Science (GIScience 2021) - Part I. Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 177, pp. 8:1-8:16, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2020)

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@InProceedings{mazurkiewicz_et_al:LIPIcs.GIScience.2021.I.8,
  author =	{Mazurkiewicz, Bartosz and Kattenbeck, Markus and Kiefer, Peter and Giannopoulos, Ioannis},
  title =	{{Not Arbitrary, Systematic! Average-Based Route Selection for Navigation Experiments}},
  booktitle =	{11th International Conference on Geographic Information Science (GIScience 2021) - Part I},
  pages =	{8:1--8:16},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-166-5},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2020},
  volume =	{177},
  editor =	{Janowicz, Krzysztof and Verstegen, Judith A.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.GIScience.2021.I.8},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-130437},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.GIScience.2021.I.8},
  annote =	{Keywords: Route Selection, Route Features, Human Wayfinding, Navigation, Experiments, Replicability}
}
Document
Complete Volume
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2019
LIPIcs, Volume 142, COSIT'19, Complete Volume

Authors: Sabine Timpf, Christoph Schlieder, Markus Kattenbeck, Bernd Ludwig, and Kathleen Stewart

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 142, 14th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2019)

Abstract
LIPIcs, Volume 142, COSIT'19, Complete Volume
Cite as

14th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2019). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 142, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)

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@Proceedings{timpf_et_al:LIPIcs.COSIT.2019,
  title =	{{LIPIcs, Volume 142, COSIT'19, Complete Volume}},
  booktitle =	{14th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2019)},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-115-3},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{142},
  editor =	{Timpf, Sabine and Schlieder, Christoph and Kattenbeck, Markus and Ludwig, Bernd and Stewart, Kathleen},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2019},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-112984},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2019},
  annote =	{Keywords: Information systems, Geographic information systems, Location based services,Computing methodologies, Natural language processing}
}
Document
Front Matter
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2019.0
Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization

Authors: Sabine Timpf, Christoph Schlieder, Markus Kattenbeck, Bernd Ludwig, and Kathleen Stewart

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 142, 14th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2019)

Abstract
Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
Cite as

14th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2019). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 142, pp. 0:i-0:xx, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)

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@InProceedings{timpf_et_al:LIPIcs.COSIT.2019.0,
  author =	{Timpf, Sabine and Schlieder, Christoph and Kattenbeck, Markus and Ludwig, Bernd and Stewart, Kathleen},
  title =	{{Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization}},
  booktitle =	{14th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2019)},
  pages =	{0:i--0:xx},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-115-3},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{142},
  editor =	{Timpf, Sabine and Schlieder, Christoph and Kattenbeck, Markus and Ludwig, Bernd and Stewart, Kathleen},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2019.0},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-110921},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2019.0},
  annote =	{Keywords: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.GISCIENCE.2018.7
Is Salience Robust? A Heterogeneity Analysis of Survey Ratings

Authors: Markus Kattenbeck, Eva Nuhn, and Sabine Timpf

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 114, 10th International Conference on Geographic Information Science (GIScience 2018)

Abstract
Differing weights for salience subdimensions (e.g. visual or structural salience) have been suggested since the early days of salience models in GIScience. Up until now, however, it remains unclear whether weights found in studies are robust across environments, objects and observers. In this study we examine the robustness of a survey-based salience model. Based on ratings of N_{o}=720 objects by N_{p}=250 different participants collected in-situ in two different European cities (Regensburg and Augsburg) we conduct a heterogeneity analysis taking into account environment and sense of direction stratified by gender. We find, first, empirical evidence that our model is invariant across environments, i.e. the strength of the relationships between the subdimensions of salience does not differ significantly. The structural model coefficients found can, hence, be used to calculate values for overall salience across different environments. Second, we provide empirical evidence that invariance of our measurement model is partly not given with respect to both, gender and sense of direction. These compositional invariance problems are a strong indicator for personal aspects playing an important role.
Cite as

Markus Kattenbeck, Eva Nuhn, and Sabine Timpf. Is Salience Robust? A Heterogeneity Analysis of Survey Ratings. In 10th International Conference on Geographic Information Science (GIScience 2018). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 114, pp. 7:1-7:16, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018)

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@InProceedings{kattenbeck_et_al:LIPIcs.GISCIENCE.2018.7,
  author =	{Kattenbeck, Markus and Nuhn, Eva and Timpf, Sabine},
  title =	{{Is Salience Robust? A Heterogeneity Analysis of Survey Ratings}},
  booktitle =	{10th International Conference on Geographic Information Science (GIScience 2018)},
  pages =	{7:1--7:16},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-083-5},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2018},
  volume =	{114},
  editor =	{Winter, Stephan and Griffin, Amy and Sester, Monika},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops-dev.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.GISCIENCE.2018.7},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-93353},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.GISCIENCE.2018.7},
  annote =	{Keywords: Salience Model, Measurement Invariance, Heterogeneity Analysis, PLS Path Modeling, Structural Equation Models}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2017.10
How Subdimensions of Salience Influence Each Other. Comparing Models Based on Empirical Data

Authors: Markus Kattenbeck

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 86, 13th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2017)

Abstract
Theories about salience of landmarks in GIScience have been evolving for about 15 years. This paper empirically analyses hypotheses about the way different subdimensions (visual, structural, and cognitive aspects, as well as prototypicality and visibility in advance) of salience have an impact on each other. The analysis is based on empirical data acquired by means of an in-situ survey (360 objects, 112 participants). It consists of two parts: First, a theory-based structural model is assessed using variance-based Structural Equation Modeling. The results achieved are, second, corroborated by a data-driven approach, i.e. a tree-augmented naive Bayesian network is learned. This network is used as a structural model input for further analyses. The results clearly indicate that the subdimensions of salience influence each other.
Cite as

Markus Kattenbeck. How Subdimensions of Salience Influence Each Other. Comparing Models Based on Empirical Data. In 13th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2017). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 86, pp. 10:1-10:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2017)

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@InProceedings{kattenbeck:LIPIcs.COSIT.2017.10,
  author =	{Kattenbeck, Markus},
  title =	{{How Subdimensions of Salience Influence Each Other. Comparing Models Based on Empirical Data}},
  booktitle =	{13th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2017)},
  pages =	{10:1--10:13},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-043-9},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2017},
  volume =	{86},
  editor =	{Clementini, Eliseo and Donnelly, Maureen and Yuan, May and Kray, Christian and Fogliaroni, Paolo and Ballatore, Andrea},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2017.10},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-77543},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2017.10},
  annote =	{Keywords: Salience models, consistent PLS-SEM Analysis, Bayesian Networks}
}
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